Free Dev Tool · IPv4

CIDR Subnet Calculator

Enter any IPv4 CIDR block and get the network address, broadcast, usable host range, subnet mask, wildcard, and binary breakdown. Works offline in your browser — no data leaves the page.

Format: a.b.c.d/n where n is 0–32. Examples: 192.168.1.0/24, 10.0.0.0/8, 172.16.5.0/22.
10.0.0.0/16 · AWS VPC 192.168.1.0/24 · home LAN 10.0.1.0/24 · subnet 10.0.0.0/28 · small subnet 172.16.0.0/12 · private range
CIDR
Total addresses
Usable hosts
Network address
Broadcast address
First usable host
Last usable host
Subnet mask
Wildcard mask
Prefix length
Host bits
IP class (historical)
Private / public

Binary breakdown network bits · host bits

IP
Subnet mask
Network
Broadcast

How the calculator works

CIDR (Classless Inter-Domain Routing) notation describes an IP network with one short string: an IP address, a slash, and a prefix length. The prefix tells you how many of the leading bits belong to the network — the rest are available for individual hosts.

For an IPv4 block a.b.c.d/n:

Common CIDR sizes at a glance

Private IP ranges (RFC 1918)

These ranges are reserved for private networks and are not routable on the public internet:

If you're designing a VPC or home lab, pick a block from one of these ranges. Most cloud VPCs default to something inside 10.0.0.0/8.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is CIDR notation?+
CIDR (Classless Inter-Domain Routing) notation is the modern format for describing IP networks. It looks like 192.168.1.0/24 — the IP address followed by a slash and the prefix length. The prefix length is the number of bits used for the network portion. /24 means the first 24 bits identify the network, leaving 8 bits for hosts (256 addresses, 254 usable).
How do I calculate the number of hosts in a CIDR block?+
For an IPv4 CIDR block with prefix /n, total addresses = 2^(32-n). Usable hosts = total minus 2 (subtracting the network address and the broadcast address), except for /31 (point-to-point, 2 usable) and /32 (single host, 1 usable). For example, /24 has 256 total and 254 usable hosts; /16 has 65,536 total and 65,534 usable.
What is the difference between subnet mask and CIDR?+
They're two ways of expressing the same thing. CIDR notation /24 is equivalent to the subnet mask 255.255.255.0. CIDR is more compact and is the standard in modern networking and cloud configuration. Subnet masks are still used in many legacy interfaces and on-prem network gear.
What is the wildcard mask?+
The wildcard mask is the bitwise inverse of the subnet mask. For a /24 (mask 255.255.255.0), the wildcard mask is 0.0.0.255. Wildcard masks are used by Cisco ACLs and OSPF configurations to define which IP address bits should be matched and which should be ignored.
What CIDR sizes are most common in cloud VPCs?+
In AWS, GCP, and Azure VPCs, /16 is the most common top-level VPC CIDR (65,536 addresses), with /24 subnets per availability zone (256 addresses each). For smaller environments, a /20 VPC with /27 subnets is also common. AWS allows VPC CIDRs from /16 to /28; subnets from /16 to /28. Each subnet reserves 5 addresses for AWS use, so a /28 subnet has 11 usable hosts in AWS, not 14.
What does /32 mean in CIDR?+
/32 specifies a single IP address — all 32 bits are network. It's commonly used in firewall rules, route tables, and load balancer target groups to refer to one specific host. For example, 203.0.113.5/32 means exactly that one address.

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